Rat infestations in London have increased by 25% over the past five years, making effective control more important than ever. This comprehensive guide covers everything property owners need to know about dealing with these persistent pests.

Understanding London's Rat Problem

London's extensive underground network, combined with aging Victorian sewers and abundant food sources, creates ideal conditions for rat populations. The common brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) is particularly prevalent, capable of squeezing through gaps as small as 20mm.

Signs of Rat Activity

Early detection is crucial for effective control. Look for these telltale signs:

  • **Droppings**: Dark, pellet-shaped droppings 10-14mm long
  • **Gnaw marks**: Fresh gnaw marks on wood, plastic, or cables
  • **Tracks and runways**: Greasy marks along walls and well-worn paths
  • **Sounds**: Scratching, squeaking, or scurrying in walls or ceilings
  • **Nests**: Shredded materials in hidden areas
  • **Smell**: Strong ammonia-like odor from urine

Health Risks and Legal Obligations

Rats carry numerous diseases including Leptospirosis (Weil's disease), Salmonellosis, and Hantavirus. Under the Prevention of Damage by Pests Act 1949, property owners have a legal obligation to keep premises free from rats and mice.